Configuration Example: Lab #3 - frame-relay point-to-point

[Tom4498]

frame-relay point to point
R1 to R2 10.1.2.1
R1 to R3 10.1.3.1
R1 to R4 10.1.4.1

R2 to R1 10.1.2.2
R2 to R3 10.2.3.2
R2 to R4 10.2.4.2

R3 to R1 10.1.3.3
R3 to R2 10.2.3.3
R3 to R4 10.3.4.3

R4 to R1 10.1.4.4
R4 to R2 10.2.4.4
R4 to R3 10.3.4.4

example from R1:
interface Serial0
no ip address
encapsulation frame-relay
no fair-queue
no arp frame-relay
no frame-relay inverse-arp
!
interface Serial0.1 point-to-point
ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 102
!
interface Serial0.2 point-to-point
ip address 10.1.3.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 103
!
interface Serial0.3 point-to-point
ip address 10.1.4.1 255.255.255.0
frame-relay interface-dlci 104

SPEED TRICK: hit tab at int s0/1 po and it will spell out point-to-point
NOTE: you must specify interface-dlci, you can't use frame-relay map ip!

Result of the config between R1 and R2....
R1#ping 10.1.2.2
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 10.1.2.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 32/33/36 ms
R1#show frame-relay map
Serial0.1 (up): point-to-point dlci, dlci 102(0x66,0x1860), broadcast
status defined, active


SPOILER: show frame-relay route is very useful for troubleshooting issues on the frame-relay switch.

[Tom4498]

Switch setup (best I can remember)...
Switch1# vlan 2 name VLAN2
Switch1# config t
Switch1(config)# int e0/1
Switch1(config-if)# vlan-membership static 2

ethernet subnets:
R1 VLAN2 - 10.20.1.1
R2 VLAN2 - 10.20.1.2
R3 VLAN3 - 10.30.1.3
R4 VLAN3 - 10.30.1.4

R4(config)#int e 0
R4(config-if)#ip address 10.30.1.4 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no shut
R4(config-if)#
R4(config-if)#
R4(config-if)#
R4(config-if)#
R4(config-if)#
R4(config-if)#
R4(config-if)#exit
R4(config)#
01:17:58: %LINK-3-UPDOWN: Interface Ethernet0, changed state to up
01:17:59: %LINEPROTO-5-UPDOWN: Line protocol on Interface Ethernet0, changed sta
te to up

NOTE: The ethernet interface doesn't come up until you exit the interface mode.

[Tom4498]

R1
router ospf 1
no auto-summary
network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 12
network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 13
network 10.1.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 14
network 10.20.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.100.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
exit
int loopback 0
ip address 10.100.1.1 255.255.255.0


R2
router ospf 1
network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255 area 12
network 10.2.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
network 10.2.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 24
network 10.20.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
network 10.100.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
exit
int loopback 0
ip address 10.100.1.2 255.255.255.0

R3
router ospf 1
network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 13
network 10.2.3.0 0.0.0.255 area 23
network 10.3.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 34
network 10.30.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
network 10.100.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
exit
int loopback 0
ip address 10.100.1.3 255.255.255.0

R4
router ospf 1
network 10.1.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 14
network 10.2.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 24
network 10.3.4.0 0.0.0.255 area 34
network 10.30.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 30
network 10.100.1.0 0.0.0.255 area 100
exit
int loopback 0
ip address 10.100.1.4 255.255.255.0

[Tom4498]

R4# sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 2 masks
O IA 10.1.3.0/24 [110/128] via 10.1.4.1, 00:00:55, Serial0.1
O IA 10.1.2.0/24 [110/128] via 10.1.4.1, 00:00:55, Serial0.1
[110/128] via 10.2.4.2, 00:00:55, Serial0.2
O IA 10.2.3.0/24 [110/128] via 10.2.4.2, 00:00:55, Serial0.2
C 10.2.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.2
C 10.3.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.3
C 10.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.1
C 10.30.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
O IA 10.20.1.0/24 [110/74] via 10.1.4.1, 00:00:56, Serial0.1
[110/74] via 10.2.4.2, 00:00:56, Serial0.2
O IA 10.100.1.2/32 [110/65] via 10.2.4.2, 00:00:56, Serial0.2
O IA 10.100.1.1/32 [110/65] via 10.1.4.1, 00:00:57, Serial0.1
C 10.100.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

It looks like all the networks are there, but we are missing loopbacks for R3 and R4.

[Tom4498]

R3#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 11 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.1
O IA 10.1.2.0/24 [110/128] via 10.1.3.1, 00:03:33, Serial0.1
[110/128] via 10.2.3.2, 00:03:33, Serial0.2
C 10.2.3.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.2
O IA 10.2.4.0/24 [110/128] via 10.2.3.2, 00:03:33, Serial0.2
C 10.3.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.3
O IA 10.1.4.0/24 [110/128] via 10.1.3.1, 00:03:34, Serial0.1
C 10.30.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
O IA 10.20.1.0/24 [110/74] via 10.1.3.1, 00:03:35, Serial0.1
[110/74] via 10.2.3.2, 00:03:35, Serial0.2
O IA 10.100.1.2/32 [110/65] via 10.2.3.2, 00:03:35, Serial0.2
O IA 10.100.1.1/32 [110/65] via 10.1.3.1, 00:03:35, Serial0.1
C 10.100.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

[Tom4498]

R1#sh ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 8 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.2
C 10.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.1
O IA 10.2.3.0/24 [110/74] via 10.20.1.2, 00:04:14, Ethernet0
O IA 10.2.4.0/24 [110/74] via 10.20.1.2, 00:04:14, Ethernet0
C 10.1.4.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0.3
C 10.20.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
O IA 10.100.1.2/32 [110/11] via 10.20.1.2, 00:04:14, Ethernet0
C 10.100.1.0/24 is directly connected, Loopback0

[Tom4498]

R3 connects back to area 0 through R1 to get to the 10.20.1.0 network and R4 does it through R2.

R3
area 100 virtual-link 10.100.1.1

R4
area 100 virtual-link 10.100.1.2

The result is...
R3#sh ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 10.1.3.1 is down
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 100, Cost of using 65535
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DOWN,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5

R1
area 100 virtual-link 10.100.1.1
R3
area 100 virtual-link 10.100.1.1

R1#sh ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL0 to router 10.100.1.3 is down
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 100, Cost of using 65535
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DOWN,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5

Area <transit area> virtual-link <router ID>
R1
area 13 virtual-link 10.100.1.3
R3
area 13 virtual-link 10.100.1.1

R3#sh ip ospf virtual-links
Virtual Link OSPF_VL2 to router 10.100.1.1 is down
Run as demand circuit
DoNotAge LSA allowed.
Transit area 13, Cost of using 65535
Transmit Delay is 1 sec, State DOWN,
Timer intervals configured, Hello 10, Dead 40, Wait 40, Retransmit 5

I couldn't figure out why ospf wouldn't run the virtual-link. My only guess is it had something to do with running it over a serial link using frame-relay.

[Tom4498]

R1
router bgp 65001
neighbor 10.100.1.2 remote-as 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.2 update-source loopback0
network 10.1.2.0
network 10.1.3.0
network 10.1.4.0
network 10.20.1.0

R2
router bgp 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.1 remote-as 65001
neighbor 10.100.1.1 update-source loopback0
neighbor PEERS peer-group
neighbor PEERS update-source loopback0
neighbor PEERS route-reflector-client
neighbor 10.100.1.3 remote-as 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.3 peer-group PEERS
neighbor 10.100.1.4 remote-as 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.4 peer-group PEERS
network 10.1.2.0
network 10.2.3.0
network 10.2.4.0
network 10.20.1.0

R3
router bgp 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.2 remote-as 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.2 update-source loopback0
network 10.1.3.0
network 10.2.3.0
network 10.3.4.0
network 10.30.1.0

R4
router bgp 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.2 remote-as 65002
neighbor 10.100.1.2 update-source loopback0
network 10.1.4.0
network 10.2.4.0
network 10.3.4.0
network 10.30.1.0


NOTE: Peers cannot be router-reflector-clients

[Tom4498]

I ran debug ip bgp and then clear ip bgp * to generate output. I got this....

I ran show ip bgp sum to see the state....
10.100.1.1 4 65001 16 20 0 0 0 00:00:42 Active
10.100.1.3 4 65002 0 0 0 0 0 never Active
10.100.1.4 4 65002 0 0 0 0 0 never Active

Here is the debug output.....
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 passive open
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 went from Active to Idle
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 went from Idle to Connect
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 rcv message type 1, length (excl. header) 26
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 rcv OPEN, version 4
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 went from Connect to OpenSent
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 sending OPEN, version 4, my as: 65002
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 rcv OPEN w/ OPTION parameter len: 16
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 rcvd OPEN w/ optional parameter type 2 (Capability) le
n 6
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 OPEN has CAPABILITY code: 1, length 4
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 OPEN has MP_EXT CAP for afi/safi: 1/1
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 rcvd OPEN w/ optional parameter type 2 (Capability) le
n 2
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 OPEN has CAPABILITY code: 128, length 0
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 OPEN has ROUTE-REFRESH capability(old) for all address
-families
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 rcvd OPEN w/ optional parameter type 2 (Capability) le
n 2
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 OPEN has CAPABILITY code: 2, length 0
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 OPEN has ROUTE-REFRESH capability(new) for all address
-families
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 went from OpenSent to OpenConfirm
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 send message type 1, length (incl. header) 45
03:23:19: BGP: 10.100.1.1 went from OpenConfirm to Established
03:23:19: %BGP-5-ADJCHANGE: neighbor 10.100.1.1 Up
03:23:34: BGP: 10.100.1.3 open failed: Connection timed out; remote host not responding
03:23:34: BGP: 10.100.1.4 open failed: Connection timed out; remote host not responding
03:23:49: BGP(0): nettable_walker 10.0.0.0/8 route sourced lo
cally
03:23:49: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 computing updates, afi 0, neighbor version 0, table
version 2, starting at 0.0.0.0
03:23:49: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 send UPDATE (format) 10.0.0.0/8, next 10.100.1.2, m
etric 0, path
03:23:49: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 1 updates enqueued (average=50, maximum=50)
03:23:49: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 update run completed, afi 0, ran for 12ms, neighbor
version 0, start version 2, throttled to 2
03:23:49: BGP: 10.100.1.1 initial update completed
03:23:55: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:23:55: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:23:55: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:23:55: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:23:55: BGP(0): nettable_scan: invalidate local path for 10.0.0.0/8
03:23:55: BGP(0): nettable_scan: invalidate sourced path for 10.0.0.0/8
03:23:55: BGP(0): no valid path for 10.0.0.0/8
03:23:55: BGP(0): nettable_walker 10.0.0.0/8 no best path
03:24:16: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 computing updates, afi 0, neighbor version 2, table
version 3, starting at 0.0.0.0
03:24:16: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 send unreachable 10.0.0.0/8
03:24:16: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 send UPDATE 10.0.0.0/8 -- unreachable
03:24:16: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 1 updates enqueued (average=25, maximum=25)
03:24:16: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 update run completed, afi 0, ran for 8ms, neighbor
version 2, start version 3, throttled to 3

[Tom4498]

I turned sync off and got the debug bellow on R2.

03:30:58: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:30:58: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:30:58: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:30:58: BGP: Applying map to find origin for 10.0.0.0/8
03:30:58: BGP(0): nettable_scan: invalidate local path for 10.0.0.0/8
03:30:58: BGP(0): nettable_scan: invalidate sourced path for 10.0.0.0/8
03:30:58: BGP(0): no valid path for 10.0.0.0/8
03:30:58: BGP(0): nettable_walker 10.0.0.0/8 no best path
03:30:59: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 computing updates, afi 0, neighbor version 15, tabl
e version 17, starting at 0.0.0.0
03:30:59: BGP(0): 10.100.1.1 update run completed, afi 0, ran for 0ms, neighbor
version 15, start version 17, throttled to 17
03:31:04: BGP: 10.100.1.3 open failed: Connection timed out; remote host not responding
03:31:04: BGP: 10.100.1.4 open failed: Connection timed out; remote host not responding

[Tom4498]

I reloaded the routers, because the ospf advertizing router-ids were not the loopbacks. I configured the loopbacks AFTER ospf, requiring a reload to use them.

[Tom4498]

R1#sh ip bgp sum
BGP router identifier 10.100.1.1, local AS number 65001
BGP table version is 9, main routing table version 9
1 network entries using 97 bytes of memory
0 path entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP path attribute entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 97 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 1/0 prefixes, 5/5 paths, scan interval 60 secs

Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd

10.100.1.2 4 65002 10 10 9 0 0 00:04:36 0

[Neil5163]

hi

do you have an example of the frame relay switch (R6) setup

i've encountered a problem trying to get R6 to switch the DLCI's


keep getting Can't use same dlci on overlapping circuits ??

the commands im using on serial 0 of router 6 to switch frames from R1 to R2

frame-relay switching in global configuration

[Tom4498]

"do you have an example of the frame relay switch (R6) setup

i've encountered a problem trying to get R6 to switch the DLCI's


keep getting Can't use same dlci on overlapping circuits ??

the commands im using on serial 0 of router 6 to switch frames from R1 to R2

frame-relay switching in global configuration"

I struggled with the same thing when I started reserving time here. I feel like I would be cheating you if I didn't let you troubleshoot the problem yourself, but I will give you some helpful advice.

1.) Read up on frame-relay at cisco and read this entire forum. I have a bunch of frame-relay examples.
http@//www.cisco.com/en/US/partner/products/sw/iosswrel/ps1835/products_configuration_guide_chapter09186a0080080fdc.html

2.) do show frame-relay route on R6. This will show you the state of the circuits.

3.) After you configure R1 and R2, you can check the state with show frame-relay map.

4.) When you think you have it try to ping each side.

[Tom4498]

1.) The first rule of troubleshooting is not to take anything for granted.

2.) Please setup the same configuration again and do the diagnostic commands I suggested in a new thread the way I lay out my sessions. When you have the router configurations and show/debug output, you can actually do some troubleshooting after your session is over.

This is a marathon not a sprint. Keep reserving time, be interested in why things happen, challenge yourself to find the answers, and keep studying. My advice to you is to focus on the theoretical first and gradually move to the practical.

If I could do it again here are the books I would read and the order to read them. I will also admit, I have a long way to go for the CCIE and I don't fully grasp everything, particularly ATM and QoS.

1.)Doyle - I neglected this book for far to long. It will give you the theoretical background on EVERYTHING.
2.) Caslow - He explains the order you should set things up and why.
3.) Cisco Cookbook - This book gives the basic commands on everything. It is a very impressive How To book.
4.) CCNP BCMSN Exam Certification Guide and CCNP BSCI Exam Certification Guide, Third Edition - Although they are CCNP books, I think they are an awesome lucid resource on a numer of topics.
5.) CCIE Routing and Switching PRactice Labs - This book gives you a ton of configuration tips and, I hope, gives you an idea of what you will be up against in the CCIE lab.

Its hard to pick up a bad Cisco Press or O'Rielly book.

Good Luck, Neil!